MediAI

  Uncomplicated sigmoid diverticulitis with microperforation 1. Cause Uncomplicated sigmoid diverticulitis with microperforation results from inflammation or localized infection of a colonic diverticulum, most commonly within the sigmoid colon. A microperforation refers to a tiny defect in the diverticular wall that permits limited extraluminal leakage of gas or luminal contents. This typically provokes a localized pericolic inflammatory response, which remains contained without progression to generalized peritonitis, due to effective confinement by adjacent mesenteric fat or the omentum. 2. Etiology The development of diverticulitis with microperforation is typically the result of: Luminal obstruction of a diverticulum (e.g., by fecaliths or inspissated stool) Elevated intraluminal pressure leading to mucosal injury and bacterial overgrowth Localized ischemia , mucosal necrosis, and ultimately microperforation Contributing risk factors inc...