Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis (Scrofula): A Comprehensive Clinical and Imaging Review
Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis (Scrofula): A Comprehensive Clinical and Imaging Review Introduction Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis (TCL), also known as scrofula , is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) , representing a significant proportion of TB cases in endemic regions. This condition involves infection of the cervical lymph nodes by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is frequently underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, particularly in non-endemic countries where its incidence is low. Recent immigration from TB-prevalent areas, increasing global travel, and the HIV pandemic have reintroduced this age-old disease into the diagnostic spectrum of physicians and radiologists worldwide. Case Presentation A 32-year-old woman presented with a painless supraclavicular mass persisting for three weeks. She had a history of successfully treated pulmonary tuberculosis one year prior, with multiple negative acid-fast bacilli (AFB) sputum cultures post-treatment...