Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES): A Comprehensive Clinical and Imaging Review
🌍 Introduction Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition characterized by acute or subacute onset of headache, seizures, visual disturbances, and altered mental status. The syndrome represents a clinico-radiologic entity where neuroimaging, particularly MRI , reveals reversible vasogenic edema predominantly affecting the parieto-occipital regions. Although the term “reversible” suggests full recovery, PRES can lead to permanent deficits or even mortality if not promptly recognized and treated. Since its first description by Hinchey et al. in 1996 , awareness and diagnosis of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) have significantly increased, especially due to advancements in MRI technology. 1. Pathophysiology of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) The exact mechanism of PRES remains multifactorial, but two principal hypotheses dominate current understanding. 1. Hypertensive Hyperperfusion Theory...