Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Contiguous Spread: How CT, MRI, PET/CT, Ultrasound, and AI Redefine the Radiologist’s Role
1. Clinical Hook A 73-year-old man with colorectal malignancy presents an imaging problem that is more complicated than simply identifying a primary tumor. The critical question is not merely: “Where is the cancer?” It is: “How far has the cancer traveled, by which route, and does that pattern change management?” That distinction is fundamental in advanced colorectal cancer. The supplied case material describes metastatic disease and contiguous spread through several possible pathways, including direct extension, lymphatic dissemination, peritoneal spread, fascial-plane extension, and hematogenous dissemination. The imaging set illustrates why no single modality can answer every clinical question. Contrast-enhanced CT provides the broad anatomic map. MRI contributes superior soft-tissue characterization, particularly in the pelvis. FDG-PET/CT identifies metabolically active disease. Ultrasound can detect selected hepatic lesions and support bedside assessment. Colonoscopy directly visu...