MediAI

  Tuberculous Osteomyelitis of the Sternum: A Comprehensive Review Introduction Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the sternum is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for less than 1% of all cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis. Although rare, delayed diagnosis can lead to significant morbidity, including chronic pain, deformity, and mediastinal metastasis. This condition should be actively suspected, especially in patients presenting with chronic anterior chest wall pain that does not respond to conventional treatment. Case Overview A 36-year-old male presented with anterior chest wall pain persisting for two months. Initially diagnosed and treated as costochondritis, the patient failed to respond to treatment. Pain became localized to the midline chest wall . [Figure 1] : Sternum lateral X-ray – No obvious bony abnormality detected. [Figure 2] : Ultrasound – Cortical erosion in the lower body of the sternum with abnormal soft tissue exhibiting...