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Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Mimicking Lung Cancer: CT and FDG PET/CT Findings

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  Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis | Calcified Lung Nodule | Spiculation | FDG PET/CT | SUVmax 4.7 | AL Kappa Amyloidosis Author: Dr. HJ Lee Executive Answer Nodular pulmonary amyloidosis is a rare form of localized pulmonary amyloid deposition that can closely mimic primary lung cancer on CT and FDG PET/CT. In this case, a woman in her 70s undergoing evaluation for arrhythmia was found to have an approximately 2-cm left apical, pleural-adjacent pulmonary nodule with spiculated margins and eccentric calcification. FDG PET/CT demonstrated increased uptake with an SUVmax of 4.7. Although these findings raised substantial concern for malignancy, the final diagnosis was nodular pulmonary amyloidosis, specifically kappa-type AL amyloidosis. The key lesson is that calcification, spiculation, and FDG uptake must be interpreted together rather than treated as independent proof of cancer. Why This Case Matters A calcified pulmonary nodule is not automatically benign. That principle is particul...
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Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma: CT and MRI Findings, Differential Diagnosis, Pathology, and Prognosis

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  How to recognize a hypovascular renal mass in a woman with persistent flank pain—and why relatively weak enhancement does not exclude malignancy. Edited by ScholarGen MediAI Team Executive Answer Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) is an uncommon subtype of renal cell carcinoma that may appear as a well-defined renal mass with less contrast enhancement than the normal renal cortex. On multiphasic CT, the combination of enhancement characteristics, internal cystic components, tumor margins, and the relationship to adjacent structures helps guide the differential diagnosis and local staging. However, imaging cannot reliably distinguish every chRCC from papillary renal cell carcinoma or renal oncocytoma. In this case, a woman in her mid-50s presented with one month of persistent flank pain. A right lower-pole renal mass was ultimately diagnosed as chRCC after radical nephrectomy. Pathology documented a 6 × 5 cm tumor, negative surgical margins, no renal vein or perinephric fat ...
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Biliary Rhabdomyosarcoma in an 8-Year-Old Boy: Contrast-Enhanced CT Findings, Differential Diagnosis, and Multidisciplinary Management

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  Edited by ScholarGen MediAI Team Executive Answer Biliary rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare malignant soft-tissue tumor that can obstruct the bile ducts and present with progressive jaundice in children. A key diagnostic pattern is an enhancing solid mass centered on the hepatic hilum or extrahepatic biliary tree, accompanied by upstream intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. In this 8-year-old boy, contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated a heterogeneously enhancing hilar lesion, internal nonenhancing areas, moderate bilateral intrahepatic ductal dilatation, and displacement of the major portal vein branches, which remained patent. Histopathologic examination established the diagnosis. The principal clinical lesson is straightforward: biliary dilatation should trigger a search for its cause, particularly when an associated solid mass is present. 1. Why This Case Matters Jaundice in a child usually prompts an evaluation for hepatocellular disease, hemolysis, medication-related liver injury, congen...
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