HIV Encephalitis: A Comprehensive Clinical and Imaging Overview
HIV Encephalitis: A Comprehensive Clinical and Imaging Overview Keywords : HIV encephalitis, HIV dementia, vacuolar myelopathy, neuroHIV, brain atrophy in HIV, white matter T2 signal, CNS HIV, AIDS-related dementia Introduction HIV encephalitis (HIVE), also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), is a progressive neurological disorder seen in HIV-positive individuals, particularly in those with advanced immunosuppression. As combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has evolved, the incidence of full-blown AIDS dementia complex (ADC) has decreased, yet milder neurocognitive impairments persist in many. This column explores the pathophysiology, imaging features, and clinical manifestations of HIV encephalitis through the lens of a real clinical case involving a 35-year-old HIV-positive male, presenting with subacute behavioral changes and cognitive decline. Case Summary Patient : 35-year-old male Clinical presentation : HIV-positive, with subacute...