MediAI

Clinical Hook A 55-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with persistent cough, fever, and dyspnea several weeks after treatment for breast cancer. At first glance, the clinical presentation may suggest ordinary pneumonia. But the chest CT tells a different story. Instead of a random or bronchocentric pulmonary opacity, the abnormality is concentrated in the portion of the right lung corresponding to the radiation treatment field, with ground-glass opacity, interstitial change, architectural distortion, and localized volume loss. This is the imaging pattern that should immediately raise the possibility of radiation pneumonitis . The case provided for this review describes a 55-year-old woman with invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast who underwent breast-conserving surgery, regional radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Four weeks after treatment, she developed persistent cough, fever, and dyspnea. CT demonstrated abnormalities in the right upper lung corresponding to t...

  A Radiology-Centered Clinical Guide to Congenital Vertebral Malformations, CT Diagnosis, MRI Indications, Differential Diagnosis, and the Emerging Role of AI Author: Hwunjae Lee, PhD, MD Director & Editor, ScholarGen Inc. Medical Imaging Scientist | Medical AI Researcher | Healthcare Technology Innovator A Vertebra That Looks Broken—But Isn’t A 22-year-old woman presented with seven days of persistent sore throat and cough. Her clinical problem appeared straightforward: evaluate a respiratory complaint. The chest radiograph, however, revealed something unexpected. The lungs did not provide the most important imaging clue. Instead, one of the lower thoracic vertebral bodies appeared unusually divided, almost as if the vertebra had been split into two parts. There was no history of significant trauma. She did not report back pain. Was this an old compression fracture? Could it represent a destructive bone lesion? Was there an underlying infection? Or was the unusual appearance...

A 60-Year-Old Man With Persistent Postprandial Upper Abdominal Pain A 60-year-old man presented with approximately one month of persistent upper abdominal pain, particularly after meals. At first glance, postprandial abdominal pain may suggest common gastrointestinal disorders such as gastritis, gallstone disease, or functional dyspepsia. However, the clinical picture becomes considerably more important when persistent abdominal pain is accompanied by abnormal hepatobiliary enzymes and pancreatic enlargement on contrast-enhanced CT. In this case, the pancreas was diffusely enlarged and had a characteristic rounded, thickened “sausage-like” appearance . A low-attenuation capsule-like rim surrounded the pancreas. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) demonstrated distal bile duct narrowing, while serum IgG4 was elevated. Histologic examination demonstrated lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, fibrosis, and chronic inflammation without evidence of malignancy. Following glucoco...