MediAI

  Testicular Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Clinical Review Introduction Testicular tuberculosis (TB) is a rare but significant manifestation of genitourinary tuberculosis, often posing diagnostic challenges due to its clinical resemblance to testicular malignancy. In regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis or in immunocompromised patients, it must be considered as a differential diagnosis for testicular masses.  Case Summary A 42-year-old man presented with a two-month history of painless enlargement of the left testis . He denied fever, night sweats, weight loss, respiratory symptoms, or urethral discharge. On examination, the left testis was enlarged, firm, and non-tender. Pelvic MRI revealed a lobulated left testicular mass with heterogeneous enhancement ( Figure 1 ). Serum tumor markers for testicular cancer were negative. Radical inguinal orchiectomy was performed due to suspicion of malignancy. Gross examination showed necrotic nodules ( Figure 2 ). Histopat...