MediAI

Introduction Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI) with CAM morphology is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of hip pain, functional limitation, and early onset osteoarthritis in young and middle-aged adults. With advances in imaging modalities and clinical research, a more nuanced understanding of its pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic protocols, treatment strategies, and prognosis has emerged. This article aims to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based review of CAM-type FAI, enriched with illustrative figures, and optimized for academic and clinical readership. Pathophysiology FAI syndrome results from abnormal contact between the femoral head-neck junction and the acetabular rim during hip joint movement. CAM morphology refers to an aspherical femoral head, where a bony bump or convexity at the head-neck junction disrupts the smooth articulation. This deformity leads to shearing forces on the acetabular cartilage and labrum, resulting in...